Gender Differences in the Personality Development of Adolescents

GENDER DIFFERENCES IN THE PERSONALITY phylogenesis OF ADOLESCENTS BELONGING TO DIFFERENT PARENTING STYLES S. Sravanthi And Dr. M. Sarada Devi The present hit the books was designed to investigate the sexual urge differences in the genius information of teenagers belonging to different p atomic number 18nting entitles. The sample comprised of one hundred eighty jejunes (60 democratic, 60 permissive and 60 despotical p atomic number 18nts and their electric shaverren who comprised of equal keep down of boys and girls). present Series (Teenage Form) cover 20 dimensions was used for data collection.The results revealed that boys belonging to democratic parenting ardour had last nature growing in all(prenominal) the dimensions followed by permissive parenting bearing. Adolescents belonging to authoritarian parents had low heaps on temper learning than the adolescents with democratic and permissive parents. INTRODUCTION Parenting is a complex drill that includes ma ny specific behaviours that work individually and together to influence the baby bird outcomes.Parents occupy the most important place in the perceptual humanness of the child (Eisenberg 1996). Parenting is the most rewarding work of adult life. - Parenting styles are colossal categories that can overlap, shift, mix and change overtime. Often discipline is considered as inborn for the growth and ontogenesis of the child, Parental discipline is very essential for expression healthy character of the child.The patterns of friendlyization used by parents influence the childs personality. *S. Sravanthi (M. Sc) Student, incision of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, ANGRAU, Saifabad, Hyderabad **Dr. M. Sarada Devi Associate professor, Department of Human Development and Family Studies, College of Home Science, ANGRAU, Saifabad, Hyderabad The term personality is derived from Latin reciprocation persona which means, mask.Personality is the dynamic organiz ation within the individual of those psychophysical systems that learn his characteristic behaviour and thought. Adolescents are extremely personality conscious and passing motivated to improve them. Diana Baumarind (1983) has classified the techniques of disciplining in three fold dodge and the research focused on three of them 1) Authoritarian 2) Authoritative/ republican and 3) Permissive.The research indicates that authoritative parenting is associated with increase in attitudinal and behavioural indicators of academic orientation course during adolescents, including greater engagement in classroom activities, higher educational aspirations and more than positive feelings about school compared to adolescents from permissive and authoritarian parenting style (MaccobyEE 1996). methodology Sample The sample comprised of one hundred and eighty adolescents including equal number of boys and girls from three parenting styles i. e. democratic, permissive and authoritarian. The sam ple drawn was randomly selected from different high schools of Hyderabad city. Tools Used In order to find out the gender differences in personality development, MAP series (Teenage Form) consisting of 20 personality dimensions was used covering (adaptability, academic achievement, boldness, competition creativity, enthusiasm, excitability, general ability, guilt proneness, individualism, innovation, leadership, maturity, cordial health, morality, ego-control, sensitivity, self-sufficiency, social love and tension).To find out the different parenting styles adopted by the parents, parenting interactional style questionnaire developed by Vivekan Reddy (1996) was used. Procedure Along with the Parenting Interactional Style Questionnaire self developed proforma to collect the general information was administered to the sample after hoard the data, it was scored and analyzed statistically using means, S. D and Z values manage competent the following results. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The present investigation was undertaken with the objective of studying gender differences in the personality development of adolescents belonging to different parenting styles. put off 1 sexual activity differences in personality dimensions of adolescents under democratic parenting style. S. no Personality Dimensions Boys Girls Z Value Mean S. D Mean S. D. 1 Adaptability 8. 3667 2. 1573 8. 0333 1. 5421 0. 8848 NS 2 faculty member Achievement 9. 1667 1. 7036 8. 3333 1. 6470 1. 9592 NS 3 Boldness 9. 1667 2. 3647 9. 0000 2. 0844 0. 2945 NS 4 disceptation 7. 9000 2. 5778 6. 6333 2. 3265 2. 6485** 5 creative thinking 8. 5333 1. 6965 7. 9667 2. 7353 1. 2334 NS 6 Enthusiasm 7. 1333 2. 2242 8. 2333 1. 8511 2. 3086* 7 petulance 8. 000 1. 4288 6. 9667 1. 8473 0. 9699 NS 8 ecumenic cogency 9. 6000 2. 6471 8. 8000 2. 7089 1. 1767 NS 9 Guilt Proneness 7. 7667 0. 5854 7. 9667 2. 0424 0. 3854 NS 10 Individualism 9. 2000 2. 0578 6. 3333 1. 9911 4. 9936** 11 presentation 8. 1667 2. 6403 6. 8667 2. 5560 0. 0666** 12 Leadership 10. 1667 2. 0525 8. 8000 2. 3253 3. 8302 ** 13 Maturity 9. 1000 2. 4403 9. 5000 1. 8892 0. 7221 NS 14 cordial Health 8. 7333 2. 3479 8. 6000 2. 0443 0. 5865 NS 15 Morality 8. 9333 2. 1485 9. 1667 2. 1348 0. 3629 NS 16 Self-control 8. 2000 1. 7695 8. 7333 1. 954 0. 7101 ** 17 esthesia 6. 7000 1. 6432 7. 3667 2. 2358 1. 3385 NS 18 Self-Sufficiency 8. 2000 2. 0745 7. 6000 2. 0611 0. 4042 NS 19 Social warmth 8. 6333 1. 7515 9. 1667 2. 1348 0. 0649 NS 20 accent 5. 7667 1. 6333 6. 3667 2. 0424 1. 2781 NS Total 163. 3667 8. 5439 158. 2667 11. 4649 1. 9666* NS none significant Adolescent boys had high mean scores on personality development compared to girls belonging to democratic parenting style. It was manifest from the table-1 that adolescent boys had high mean scores on around all the dimensions of personality development.This might be out-of-pocket to the occurrence that boys were given more opportunities by the parents for their de velopment compared to girls. It might also be due(p) to the gender routine socialization practices used by the parents as boys to be assertive, independent and self-controlled in nature. This might also be influenced by the high parental expectations towards boys as they are the future breadwinners of the family. Adolescent girls had scored high on few personality dimensions such(prenominal) as maturity, morality, enthusiasm and social warmth.This might be due to the traditional society set up that girls are more grow than those of boys in the aforesaid(prenominal) age group and are weaken able to take take of the household activities. Boys of democratic parents had better personality development compared to girls of the same parenting styles. This might be due to the fact that parents had provided more opportunities for boys compared to girls from the same group. Table-2 Gender differences in personality dimensions under permissive parenting style S. No. Personality Dimensio ns Boys Girls Z Value Mean S. D Mean S. D. Adaptability 6. 7000 2. 2614 6. 0333 1. 9025 1. 2567 NS 2 Academic Achievement 5. 3735 1. 7367 6. 9333 1. 7604 3. 4543** 3 Boldness 9. 0333 2. 3560 8. 9667 2. 7728 0. 2890 NS 4 Competition 7. 2000 3. 0103 6. 3667 1. 9384 0. 8297 NS 5 Creativity 8. 9333 1. 9106 7. 8667 2. 4877 1. 6140 NS 6 Enthusiasm 7. 9000 2. 4262 5. 8667 2. 0965 4. 8871** 7 Excitability 8. 5000 1. 8892 6. 7333 2. 2733 3. 4582** 8 General Ability 7. 4000 3. 6446 6. 8333 2. 6008 0. 7051 NS 9 Guilt Proneness 7. 7667 1. 8323 7. 8333 3. 2065 0. 1006 NS 10 Individualism 9. 333 1. 6750 8. 3667 1. 8096 1. 9580 NS 11 Innovation 8. 2000 1. 9722 6. 4333 1. 7157 2. 3007* 12 Leadership 8. 1333 2. 1292 7. 9333 1. 6595 1. 6901 NS 13 Maturity 6. 2667 2. 0833 8. 3000 2. 3947 3. 5687** 14 noetic Health 8. 3000 1. 9853 6. 7667 2. 2846 2. 6355** 15 Morality 8. 0000 1. 8383 9. 1333 2. 1930 2. 3070* 16 Self-control 7. 7000 1. 8965 6. 4000 1. 4288 4. 4091** 17 esthesia 8. 5000 2. 0129 9. 8667 1. 8889 2. 8000* 18 Self-Sufficiency 7. 6333 2. 0745 7. 4333 2. 4023 4. 3297** 19 Social warmth 7. 3667 3. 784 7. 8667 2. 1292 2. 4020* 20 tautness 5. 8333 2. 9371 7. 7667 2. 5688 2. 7602** Total 160. 5667 17. 1096 147. 7333 9. 3521 3. 6521** Ns Not significant Adolescent boys belonging to permissive parenting style had high mean scores on personality development compared to girls. It was evident from the results that adolescent boys had high mean scores on almost all the personality dimensions such as adaptability, boldness, competition, creativity, enthusiasm, excitability, general ability, individualism, leadership, innovation, mental health, self-control and self sufficiency.This might be due to the fact that parents aspire that the boys should study regularly and get in force(p) marks, go far higher studies because the cultural stomp of male gender role as breadwinner persists in the country. Hence it was free that personality development of adolescent boys was be tter compared to girls. Adolescent girls scored high on few personality dimensions such as academic achievement, guilt proneness, morality, maturity, sensitivity, social warmth and tension. This might be due to the fact that girls are undecomposed at verbal skills and thinking.It can also be due to the fact that girls are more emotional and empathetic in nature and good at interaction with others compared to boys. It had not shown significant difference between boys and girls with construe to rest of the dimensions such as adaptability, competition, creativity, general ability, guilt proneness, individualism and leadership. Table -3 Gender differences in personality dimensions under Authoritarian parenting style S. No. Personality Dimensions Boys Girls Z Value Mean S. D Mean S. D. 1 Adaptability 6. 1333 2. 0634 7. 6333 1. 9911 4. 1677** 2 Academic Achievement 6. 2333 1. 4667 5. 333 1. 8286 2. 2312* 3 Boldness 8. 8333 3. 0522 5. 5333 1. 2794 6. 2634** 4 Competition 6. 8667 2 . 1292 5. 6000 1. 7340 2. 5698* 5 Creativity 6. 1000 2. 3540 7. 5667 2. 6741 2. 2935 * 6 Enthusiasm 7. 0423 2. 1930 5. 0333 2. 1891 2. 1353* 7 Excitability 7. 4333 1. 9420 6. 9667 1. 9737 3. 1265** 8 General Ability 6. 4667 2. 7099 7. 1333 1. 9429 0. 2785 NS 9 Guilt Proneness 6. 6000 2. 5134 7. 5333 1. 8520 1. 6654 NS 10 Individualism 6. 9333 2. 2427 5. 4333 1. 7357 2. 9466** 11 Innovation 7. 1000 2. 6438 5. 4333 2. 2234 2. 6878** 12 Leadership 6. 8333 1. 286 5. 6667 1. 7876 4. 8019** 13 Maturity 6. 8667 1. 5698 7. 3000 2. 5617 0. 8035 NS 14 Mental Health 8. 2333 2. 0957 5. 9667 2. 5391 4. 4567** 15 Morality 6. 6667 1. 7876 7. 2667 2. 5722 1. 0671 NS 16 Self-control 8. 0333 3. 1784 6. 1000 1. 4937 3. 0668** 17 Sensitivity 6. 8333 2. 2118 5. 9333 2. 0500 1. 2284 NS 18 Self-Sufficiency 6. 9333 2. 2118 5. 9333 2. 0500 1. 2284 NS 19 Social warmth 8. 5000 2. 7133 8. 6672 2. 2642 1. 5108 NS 20 Tension 8. 3667 2. 0424 10. 3667 1. 4735 4. 4241** Total 151. 1333 12. 2072 134. 2333 7. 9903 6. 4199** NS Not significantAdolescents boys had high mean scores on personality development compared to girls from authoritarian parenting style. It was evident from the results that adolescent boys had high mean scores with reference to almost all the dimensions of personality development such as academic achievement, boldness, competition, enthusiasm, excitability, individualism, innovation, leadership, mental health self-control, sensitivity and tension. Hence it was revealed that personality development of adolescent boys was better than those of girls. This might be due to the parental expectations and aspirations on adolescents that differ on both genders.It might also be due to the roles taken up by adolescents in household activities such as girls taking care of cleaning, cooking where as boys going out for buying groceries and paying the bills and skilful work etc. Adolescent girls had scored high on few dimensions such as adaptability, creativity, maturity, morality sens itivity, social warmth and tension. This might be due to the result of gender role socialization practices such as girls are trained to become good home markers and they are quick in absorbing the models from their parents compared to boys.Both boys and girls were on par in personality dimensions such as general ability and guilt proneness as there was no significant difference found between the two genders. The present findings are in line with the study conducted by Chowdhary et al. (1995), which revealed that girls required more reassert from their parents, and their needs were more as compared to boys. In a study on parents gender differentiated socialization practices reason that, parents do indeed reinforce gender-typed behaviour such as play, activity, and nobble choices (Maccoby & Jacklin 1974).FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION Significant differences were noticed in personality development of adolescent boys and girls belonging to different parenting styles. Boys belonging to democ ratic parents had better personality development compared to girls. Where as the adolescents belonging to authoritarian parenting style had low personality development than the adolescents of democratic and permissive parenting styles. On the whole it was evident that democratic parenting style was found to have significant positive influence on personality development of the adolescents.Hence from the results it was clear that democratic parenting style was best-suggested to develop personality development among the adolescents. Bibliography Baumrind D 1967 Child care practices anticipating patterns of pre-school behaviour. Genetic psychology monographs 75 43-88. Chowdhary, Aparijitha, Muni and Kumari A 1995 Roles of parental support in Childrens, need satisfaction and academic achievement. ledger of Community Guidance and Research 12 (2) 135-144. Maccoby E E and Martin J A 1996 Socialization in the context of the family, Parent child interaction, Newyork, vade mecum of psychol ogy. Ed 4th Edition 1-101.